The Netherlands Antilles (Nederlandse Antillen) are part of the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean Sea and consist of two groups of islands distant almost 1 000 km: Curaçao, Klein Curaçao, Bonaire and Klein Bonaire, located just off the coast of Venezuela, and Sint Eustatius, Saba and Sint Maarten (only the southern part of the island is Dutch, the rest is French), located south-east of the Virgin Islands and north-west of Saint Kitts and Nevis. The status of the Netherlands Antilles is a dependency of the Netherlands with wide autonomy, it's capital is Willemstad on the island of Curaçao.

The largest and most important island in the Netherlands Antilles is Curaçao (444 sq km), the island consists of a semi-arid savannah, in the north-west side is the highest peak, Christoffelberg (375 metres). Twenty km south-east of Curaçao is the small uninhabited island of Klein Curaçao. The island of Bonaire (288 square kilometres) is located to the west of Curacao, it's also a semi-arid land, there are many saltwater lakes, in the northern part is the Mount Brandaris (240 metres). At the center of the west coast of Bonaire, less than 1 km away from this, there is the small island of Klein Bonaire (6 sq km).