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CHILE

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Chile (República de Chile) is a presidential republic situated in the south-west of South America, is washed by the Pacific Ocean to the west, to the north it borders with Peru, to the north-east with Bolivia and to the east with Argentina, are part of the country also Easter Island, Sala y Gómez island, Juan Fernandez Archipelago and the islands Desventuradas, all in the Pacific Ocean. Chile extends in the direction of north-south for 4 300 km, from one side is the Pacific Ocean, on the other the Andes. The north of Chile is an extremely arid area, where lies the Atacama desert, one of the most arid areas of the planet.

 

Andes, stretching for the entire length of the country, from the Bolivia highlands to the Tierra del Fuego, in the northern side are the highest peaks often exceeding 6 000 meters, here are the major volcanic cones of San Pedro (6 063 m), Socompa (6 031 metres), Llullaillaco (6 723 metres), Cerro Tupungato (6 550 meters), reaching 6 880 meters with Ojos del Salado volcano, the highest elevation in the country, Chile has almost 200 volcanoes, 55 of which are still active. To the south of these mountains the cordillera gradually decreases, the southern section of the Cordillera reaches its maximum height with Mount San Valentin (4 058 meters) are also beautiful mountains of this area the Fitz Roy or Cerro Chaltén (3 375 metres ), and Torres del Paine (2 750 metres). Chile has the western section of Tierra del Fuego, the promontory of Cape Horn, on Horn island of the archipelago of Tierra del Fuego, is the southernmost point of the American continent. The rivers of Chile are generally short, for the short space between the Andean mountains and the Pacific Ocean, in the southern part of the country lies extended freshwater basins, including the lake Buenos Aires or General Carrera (1 850 sq km) divided between Chile and Argentina, and Lake Llanquihue (860 sq km), dominated by Osorno volcano (2 652 metres). The economy of Chile is one of the strongest in Latin America, is based on mining, especially copper and molybdenum for which Chile is one of the first world producers, also important is the extraction of iron, silver, natural gas, gold, manganese, zinc, sulphur and oil. The main agricultural products are wheat, potatoes, sugar beet, barley, oats, wine, fruit. Important breeding (sheep, poultry, pigs, cattle, lamas and alpacas) and fishing. The industry is mainly linked to the processing of agricultural products (food, sugar, wine and meat) and tissues. Tourism, thanks to the many natural beauties of the country (Atacama Desert, Easter Island, Torres del Paine) is increasingly becoming an important source of income. 

 

Area: 756 626 sqkm. (Arable 5,6%, Pastures 18%, Forests and Woodlands 21,8%, Uncultivated and Unproductive 54,6%)

Population: 16 284 000 (2007 data) (Mestizos (descendants of European and Amerindian) 65%, European 30%, Amerindian 5%).

State Capital: Santiago del Cile.

Language: Spanish

Religion: Roman Catholic 70%; Protestant 15%.

Currency: Peso (CLP)

Time: UTC -3 hours (Between October and March (Summer) is daylight saving local time (DST) -4 hours).

 

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