Greenland (Grønland; Kalaallit Nunaat) is the largest island in the world, stretches north-south direction for 2650 km between 83°39' and 59°46' north latitude; located in the North Atlantic Ocean, between the Davis Strait and the Baffin Bay that separate from Canada, and Denmark Strait that separates from Iceland. Politically Greenland belongs to Denmark, of which is a county with full legislative and administrative autonomy.

Most of Greenland is covered by ice (known as the Greenland ice sheet) thickness sometimes exceeding 2000 meters, which covers about 85% of the total area (1,833,900 sqkm) and has a territorial extension of 2.500 km from north to south and 1.000 km from east to west, 10% of the world's freshwater can be found in Greenland. The ice-free area only covers a total of 341,700 square kilometres. Approximately one-twentieth of the world's ice and one-quarter of the earth's surface ice is found in Greenland.