Poland (Polska Rzeczpospolita) is a Parliamentary republic situated in the north-eastern Europe, Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north.  Poland has been a member state of the European Union since 1 May 2004. The main cities are the state capital Warsaw, and Lódz, Kracow, Katowice, Wroclaw, Poznan, Szczecin, and Danzig (Gdansk).

Poland is an unbroken plain reaching from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Carpathian Mountains in the south. The Baltic coastal plains are a low-lying region formed of sediments deposited by the sea. The interior of the country is formed only by great plain ("Poland" in fact in Slav means plain) with a succession of flat alluvial and light undulations, only to the extreme south are present the mountains reliefs of Boemia, the Tatras and the Carpathians. The highest elevation in Poland is Mount Rysy, which rises 2 499 meters in the Tatra Range of the Carpathians. In the northern part of the immense Polish plain, lakes and swamps occupy huge spaces, species in correspondence of the Masuria, to the northeast, and of Pomerania, to the north-west. Most of Poland's 9 300 lakes that are more than 10 000 square metres in area are located in the northern part of this lake region. The rest of the Polish plain is formed from alluvial plains of the Vistula and the Oder. The more important river of the Polonia is the Vistula, that crosses the country for beyond 1 000 km.