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Romania (România) is a semi-presidential parliamentary democracy based on a bicameral Parliament, is member of the European Union. Romania is situated in the southeastern part of Central Europe and shares borders with Hungary to the northwest, Yugoslavia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, the Black Sea and Ukraine to the southeast and to the north and the Republic of Moldova to the east

Romania occupies the eastern section of the Carpathian-Danube region, the Eastern Carpathian mountains (with a maximum peak in Mount Pietrosu, 2,305 m.) and the Transylvanian Alps (Mount Moldoveanu, in the Fagaras Massif (Fagarasului) , touches 2,543 m. and is the highest peak of Romania) traverse the center of the country bordered on both sides by foothills, in the center is located the Transylvania plateau surrounded by the Carpathian chain. Along the border with Serbia and Hungary are wide plains that are part of the Pannonian lowlands. To the south, there is the valley of the Danube where stretches the dry plain of Wallachia, and the southeast marshy Dobruja. 

  

Climate: Romania has a temperate climate with four distinct seasons. Spring is pleasant with cool mornings and nights and warm days. In summer, the weather is hot and dry. The most affected areas are the South and the South-East where the thermometer usually exceeds 38°C during the months of July and August. Temperatures are lower in the mountains. Autumn is quite dry and crisp and the landscape revives of yellow and red leaves. In winter temperatures are especially harsh in the mountains (up to -25°C). Abundant snowfalls occur from December until mid-March. The best period to visit Romania starts from the end of April to the beginning of July and from end of August to the end of October, with generally mild and pleasant temperatures.

Tourist attractions: Romania is an interesting destination from a cultural and natural point of view, Romania's territory features splendid mountains, beautiful rolling hills, fertile plains and numerous rivers and lakes, cultural attractions are the numerous castles, ancient towns, medieval fortresses, wooden and painted churches. At the center of Europe, Romania has many tourist attractions. The coast which overlooks the Black Sea, is studded with modern resort, a short distance from what is the nature reserve of the Danube Delta. The Transylvania, home of Dracula, offers striking castles such as Bran and imposing mountain forests in the region of the Carpathians. Interesting cities linked to the history of Rome as Julia Alba, Arad, Cluj-Napoca, Craiova, Drobeta-Turnu Severin and Sibiu. 

Unesco has inscribed 7 Romania site in the World Heritage List: Churches of Moldavia (1993), Dacian Fortresses of the Orastie Mountains (1999), Historic Centre of Sighişoara (1999), Monastery of Horezu (1993), Villages with Fortified Churches in Transylvania (1993), Wooden Churches of Maramureş (1999), Danube Delta (1991). Among the properties submitted on the Tentative List are: Le Monastère de Neamt (1991), Eglises byzantines et post-byzantines de Curtea de Arges (1991), L'ensemble monumental de Tirgu Jiu (1991), L'ensemble rupestre de Basarabi (1991), L'église des Trois Hiérarques de Iassy (1991), Les "coules" de Petite Valachie (1991), L'église de Densus (1991), Le noyau historique de la ville d'Alba Julia (1991), Massif du Retezat (1991), Pietrosul Rodnei (sommet de montagne) (1991), Sinpetru (site paléontologique) (1991), Codrul secular Slatiora (forêt séculaire) (1991), The Historic Centre of Sibiu and its Ensemble of Squares (2004), Eglise de la Résurrection du monastère de Sucevita (2005).

Travel Documents: a valid passport is required for all international visitors except for citizens of the countries of the European Union who can enter Romania with their Identity Card (for stays up to 90 days).

Health: The public medical facilities are sometimes poor. Some hospitals in Bucharest (the Emergency Clinic, the University Hospital in Bucharest and military) are equipped and treatment is accurate. The private, used mainly by foreigners, are not expensive and are efficient. 

Electricity: Electrical current is 220 V; 50 cycles. Outlets take plugs with two round prongs. A plug & power adapter is necessary for most appliances requiring 110 V.  

Cuisine: The main characteristic of the Romanian cuisine is its great variety, the main ingredients used by Romanian chefs are meats such as pork, beef and lamb, fish, vegetables, dairy products and fruit. Romanian cuisine is influenced from Russian, Austro-Hungarian and Turkish cuisine, it loves spices and bittersweet, as the vegetable soup called Ciorbă (with carrots and potatoes and veal, lamb or turkey). The pork, sheepskin, veal or chicken cooked grilled on the wood fire, is of the highest quality. Another specialty is the Mămăliga a mess corn resembling polenta served with a sheep's cheese or a tochitură (chicken liver and pork meat balls). The Mititei are small roasted sausages, flavored with garlic and flavored. The Sarmale, are meat balls wrapped in grape leaves or cabbage and served with cream and tomatoes. The Plăcinta is a salt puff-pastry (with meat, cheese and herbs) or sweet, inspired by Ottoman. The Cozonac are brioches with raisins. ROMANIAN CUISINE RECIPES.

Typical Products: The wood is the main construction material and wood carving is a typical of Transylvania. The pottery and weaving are developed in the countryside, famous are the carpets of Maramures. Among the local beverage wines, brandy plum and apple juice. 

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Airports and Flights: Several airlines linking Romania with the main European cities. There are also several scheduled domestic flights connecting cities within Romania which are operated by CarpatAir and Tarom.

Area: 238,391 sqkm

Population: 22,303,552 Romanian 89%, Hungarian 7.5%, Gipsy 1.9%, German, Other 1.6%

State Capital: Bucharest (Bucuresti)

Language: Romanian. German and Hungarian are spoken in some areas.

Religion: Christian Orthodox 87%, Roman Catholic 5%, Protestant 5%, Jewish and muslim.

Currency: Leu (plural "Lei")

Time: GMT + 2.

 

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