Serbia (Republika Srbija) is a Federal Republic of the Balkans. The Serbian state is also formed by the two administrative units of Kosovo and Vojvodina. The country borders Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia. The capital is Belgrade.

The territory of Serbia is formed to the north by the vast and fertile flood plain of the Danube, which Serbia includes the southern portion, the Vojvodina, which is crossed by rivers Danube, Sava, Morava and Tisza and is full of small lake basins. The central-southern area of the country is mainly mountainous, with peaks exceeding 2,000 metres in the southern sector, the highest mountain in Serbia is the Đeravica (2,656 meters) in the Dinaric Alps on the border with Albania. The western area (Šumadija) is dominated by hills and some relief from an altitude of between 1000 and 1500 m above sea level.

The economy of Serbia is still mainly agricultural (cereals, fruits, tobacco, sugar beet) and pastoral (cattle and pig). There are deposits of oil and natural gas, and metal ores. The industries are mechanical, metallurgical, chemical, textile, food.