Climate: Although Turkey is situated in a geographical location where climatic conditions are quite temperate, the diverse nature of the landscape, and the existence in particular of the mountains that run parallel to the coasts cause significant differences in climatic conditions between regions. While the coastal areas enjoy milder climates, the inland Anatolian plateau experiences extremes of hot summers and cold winters with limited rainfall.

The Aegean and Mediterranean coasts have very hot and dry summers, and wet, mild winters. Winter in Cappadocia can be very cold with a dusting of snow, the Anatolian plateau is hotter in summer and very cold in winter. Eastern Turkey is very cold and snowy in winter and only pleasantly warm in high summer, it should be visited during summer as roads and mountain passes may close due to winter ice and snow. The Black Sea coast is mild and rainy in summer, and chilly and rainy in winter. The southeast is dry and mild in winter and very hot in summer, with temperatures above 45°C not unusual.

Istanbul has wet cold winters and often snowy, the wintery months from November to February have the highest rainfall. Springs are damp warm with mild temperatures between 12-21°C. Summers are mild, relatively dry, the temperature between June and September averaging 26°C, peak at around 28°C, with lows around 18°C . Istanbul also tends to be a windy city.