French Colonialism

The forts of the Saint-Martin island: Fort Amsterdam and Fort Louis

Fort Amsterdam, Sint Maarten. Author and Copyright Marco Ramerini

Written by Marco Ramerini. The island of Saint-Martin (Sint Maarten) is an island of the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean. The island is located between the islands of Anguilla and Saint-Barthélemy and has the distinction of being divided between France and the Netherlands. This division dates back to the treaty signed by the two countries in 1648 (Treaty of Concordia) ...

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Isle of Pines: Prison ruins and Cemetery of the Deported (Cemetery of the Communards) in New Caledonia

Kanumera, Isle of Pines, New Caledonia. Author and Copyright Marco Ramerini

Written by Marco Ramerini. English text revision by Dietrich Köster. Located south-east of Grande Terre (New Caledonia), the Isle of Pines is a small island full of natural wonders, endless white beaches and crystal clear water, caves and caverns, rich coral reef, natural wonders like the natural pool (piscine naturelle) with seawater, inhabited by a friendly population with rich traditions. ...

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Fort Teremba: a prison for deportees in New Caledonia (Grande Terre)

Bac de l'Ouaieme, Grande Terre, New Caledonia. Author and Copyright Marco Ramerini

Written by Marco Ramerini. English text revision by Dietrich Köster. This fort is situated between La Foa and Bourail, 124 kilometers north of Nouméa. In 1871 a group of 25 convicts, 2 wardens, 3 gendarmes and the head of the topographical department set up a camp on the left bank of La Foa river near the Kanak village of Uarai, ...

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Bibliography of French Colonial History: 16th-18th centuries

Written by Marco Ramerini. Text revision by Dietrich Köster. FRENCH EMPIRE GENERAL: – Cornevin, M. & R. “La France et les Français outre-mer” 514 pp. Tallandier, 1990, Paris, France. – Julien, Ch. A. “Les voyages de découverte et les premiers établissements (XV-XVI)” 553 pp. «Colonies et Empires”, 3ème série Histoire de l’expansion et de la colonisation françaises, tome I» Presses Universitaires de France, ...

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Trincomalee 6 – The French attempt

Written by Marco Ramerini. English text revision by Dietrich Köster. Continued from: The new Dutch occupation and the reconstruction of the Fort 6.0 THE FRENCH ATTEMPT A new threat encumbered on the Dutch possessions of Ceylon, it materialized in March 1672 in the shape of a great French fleet, that of admiral de la Haye. In the years between 1665 ...

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The French in Brazil: Saint-Alexis, France Antarctique (Rio de Janeiro), Ipiapaba and Sao Luís do Maranhão

Written by Marco Ramerini. English text revision by Dietrich Köster. The French ports of Normandy, especially Rouen and Dieppe, had a flourishing textile industry and thus became the principal competitors in trade for Portugal in Brazil in the 16th century. Due to the presence of vast forests of “Pau Brasil” on the Brazilian coast (used in the process of cloth ...

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